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Cloud OSS - Cloudworks Service Manager | How to create a Cloud Gateway (CGW) Template in Hyper-V |
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Table of Contents
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1. Introduction
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This section provides information that will assist you in creating a Cloud Gateway (CGW) template based on pfSense 2.2. This template will be used by Cloud OSS during IaaS services provisioning.
Instructions provided herein are for implementation on Hyper-V 2012 R2.
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In this guide we first create a Cloud Gateway Virtual Machine and we then create a Template based on this Virtual Machine.
2. Downloading the pfSense 2.2 image
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You can download pfSense 2.2 installation image by using this link.
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The downloaded image will be in .GZIP format and you will first need to decompress it in order to end up with a, compatible with SCVMM, image in .ISO format. |
Later on,the uncompressed .ISO image will have to be uploaded to the SCVMM server where the SCVMM console is hosted.
3. Creating a Cloud Gateway Virtual Machine
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1) Log in to SCVMM server and open the SCVMM console. Next, click on Library tab.
Fig 1. SCVMM console Library
2) Right click on Library Servers and create a Library Server. Create a Library Share and name it ISO or choose an alternative name that you prefer.
(You may skip this step if you already have a Library Server and Library Share configured in SCVMM)
Fig 2. Creating a Library Server and Library Share
3) Select the ISO Library Share and click on Import physical resource.
Fig 3. Viewing the contents of selected Library Share
4) Click on "Add resource..." in the appearing window.
Fig 4. Adding a resource to the Library
5) Navigate to pfSense 2.2 .ISO image that you have previously uploaded to SCVMM Server and click on Open
Fig 5. Adding .ISO image to the Library
6) Click on Browse to select the destination for the imported .ISO image
Fig 6. Browsing for imported resource destination
7) Select the Destination Folder (Library Share) and click on OK.
Fig 7. Selecting imported resource destination
8) Click on Import.
Fig 8. Importing resource
9) Wait until the import process is finished and close the Jobs window that appears.
Fig 9. Running the import process
10) The ISO image should now appear in the folder selected in step 7.
Fig 10. Viewing the ISO image Library Share
11) You will now need to create a Virtual Machine (VM) using the uploaded image. On SCVMM console click on VMs and Services.
Fig 11. VMs and Services
12) Click on Create Virtual Machine.
Fig 12. Creating a new VM
13) In the appearing window choose "Create the new virtual machine with a blank virtual hard disk" and click on Next.
Fig 13. Creating a new virtual hard disk (VHD) for VM
14) Type in the Virtual machine name, choose Generation 1 and click on Next.
Fig 14. VM name and generation
15) Select "Cloud Capability Profiles"
Fig 15. Cloud Capability Profiles
16) Select Hyper-V.
Fig 16. Cloud Capability profiles (Hyper-V selection)
17) Set the minimum recommended resources for running a Cloud Gateway VM (1 processor / 512 MB Memory / 5 GB hard disk).
Fig 17. Setting CPU resources
Fig 18. Setting Memory resources
Fig 19. Setting Hard Disk resources
18) In Virtual DVD Drive choose "Existing ISO image" and browse for the uploaded .ISO image on the Library Share, as shown in steps 8 and 9.
Fig 20. Mounting the .ISO image
19) For a Cloud Gateway, three (3) Network Interfaces are required (WAN, LAN and MGMT). In the Network Adapters tab, you should proceed as follows:
To add a network adapter, select New and then click on Network adapter.
Fig 21. Adding a network adapter
Two (2) network adapters should be available now.
Fig 22. Viewing network adapters
Repeat the previous step so that you end up with the required Three (3) network adapters.
Fig 23. Viewing the network adapters
20) For each network adapter, choose "Connected to a VM network" and select a VM network.
Fig 24. Connecting network adapters to a VM network
21) Click on Next at the bottom right.
Fig 25. Proceeding through the VM creation wizard
22) In the Select Destination tab, click on Next.
Fig 26. Select Destination tab
23) Select the Hyper-V Host on which the VM will be created in and click on Next.
Fig 27. Choosing Hyper-V node for VM
24) In the Configure Settings tab, click on Next.
Fig 28. Choosing storage location
25) In the Add Properties tab, choose Other Linux (64 bit) on the OS drop-down list and click on Next.
Fig 29. Choosing an Operating System
26) Finally, click on Create in the Summary tab.
Fig 30. Settings confirmation and VM creation
27) Wait until the VM creation is completed and close the Jobs window.
Fig 31. VM creation in progress
28) As soon as the VM is created, it will be listed in SCVMM console as belonging to a Hyper-V Cluster and/or a Hyper-V node.
Fig 32. New VM listed
29) In order to allow access to the Cloud Firewall, we need to set a VLAN identifier for Network Adapter 3 created in step 19. In order to do so, we will use Hyper-V Manager.
Right click on the Hyper-V node you've chosen as a host for the Cloud Firewall VM and choose Connect via RDP.
Fig 33. Connecting to Hyper-V host
30) Start Hyper-V Manager.
Fig 34. Starting Hyper-V Manager
31) Right click on the Cloud Firewall VM and click on Settings...
Fig 35. Cloud Gateway VM settings
32) Click on Network Adapter 3 to view its properties.
Fig 36. Network Adapter 3 properties
33) Check "Enable virtual LAN identification" and type in the VLAN identifier that will allow you to access the VM via the OPT1 (MGMT) interface (this is the pfSense interface we will configure later on after installing pfSense). In our example, we set VLAN 22 and click on OK.
Fig 37. Setting Network Adapter 3 VLAN identifier
34) Close Hyper-V Manager and disconnect from Hyper-V node. Return to the SCVMM console.
35) Select the Cloud Firewall VM and click on "Power On".
Fig 38. Powering on VM
36) Right click on VM, go to "Connect or view" and click "Connect via console".
Fig 39. Connecting to the VM via console
4. Installing pfSense
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See also: 3 Creating a Cloud Gateway Virtual Machine |
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Fig 40. VM console view during .ISO image boot
37) Wait until the following screen shows up during boot process and type "i" to install pfSense on the VM hard disk.
Fig 41. Choosing to install on the local VM hard disκ
38) Select "Accept these Settings" and press enter.
Fig 42. Accepting the default console settings
39) Select "Quick/Easy Install" and press enter.
Fig 43. Choosing installation type
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Select OK and press Enter.
Fig 44. Installation approval
Wait until the set up process of pfSense is completed.
Fig 45. Waiting for the installation to complete
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Select "Standard Kernel" and press enter.
Fig 46. Selecting kernel type
Select "Return to Select Task" and press enter.
Fig 47. Returning from the installation
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Select Exit and press Enter.
Fig 48. Exiting the installation
Wait for pfSense to reboot.
Fig 49. pfSense rebooting upon installation process completion
40) Close the VM console session and click on Power Off.
Fig 50. Stopping the CGW VM
41) Right click on the CGW VM and click on Properties.
Fig 51. Viewing VM properties
42) In Hardware Configuration tab under Bus Configuration field, select "No Media" for Virtual DVD Drive. This way pfSense .ISO image is removed since it is not required anymore. Click OK to save the new configuration.
Fig 52. Removing the ISO image from the virtual DVD drive
5. Configuring pfSense as a Cloud Gateway
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See also: 3 Creating a Cloud Gateway Virtual Machine
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43) Power On VM and connect to its console as described in step 35. Wait for the following screen to appear:
Fig 53. Powering on VM for the 1st time since OS installation
44) VLAN configuration is not required at this point, therefore type "n" and press enter.
Fig 54. Choosing not to set up VLAN
45) Assign names to the three (3) network interfaces as follows:
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Type hn0 and press enter.
Fig 55. Naming the WAN interface
Type hn1 and press enter.
Fig 56. Naming the LAN interface
Type hn2 and press enter.
Fig 57. Naming the MGMT interface
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There are no more network interfaces, so, press enter to continue
Fig 58. Finished naming the network interfaces
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Type "y" and press enter to accept interface assignments
Fig 59. Saving network interface name assignments
46) Wait until the screen below appears:
Fig 60. pfSense basic options console menu
47) You will now need to configure IP addresses for all interfaces. On the LAN interface we should set an appropriate IP address so that you can use your workstation for accessing the Cloud Gateway via this interface for initial configuration purposes.
At this point, you may set 'dummy' IP addresses for the WAN and OPT1 (MGMT) interfaces that are required for configuring routing and firewall rules. The actual IP addresses are automatically set based on CloudWorks Service Manager configuration.
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Type "2" and press enter.
Fig 61. pfSense basic options console menu
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Type "1" to select the WAN interface and press enter.
Fig 62. Choosing to configure WAN interface
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Type "n" and press enter when asked to configure the interface via DHCP. Type in the WAN interface IP address and press enter.
Fig 63. Configuring an IP Address for the WAN interface
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Type in the subnet mask for WAN interface and press enter.
Fig 64. Configuring an subnet mask for the WAN interface
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Press enter without setting a gateway IP address for the WAN interface.
Fig 65. Skipping gateway configuration for the WAN interface
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Type "n" and press enter in order to skip DHCP for IPv6 addresses.
Fig 66. Skipping DHCP IPv6 configuration for the WAN interface
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Press enter to skip IPv6 address configuration.
Fig 67. Skipping IPv6 address configuration for the WAN interface
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Type "n" and press enter.
Fig 68. Choosing not to revert webConfigurator to HTTP
Press enter to continue.
Fig 69. Finishing WAN interface configuration
48) Continue with assigning an IP address and gateway for the LAN interface as done in the previous step for the WAN interface.
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Type "2" and press enter.
Type "2" and press enter.
Enter the IP address and press enter.
Enter the subnet mask and press enter.
Enter the gateway IP address and press enter.
Press enter.
Type "n" and press enter.
Type "n" and press enter.
Press enter to continue.
49) Continue with assigning an IP address and gateway for the OPT1 interface as done in the previous step for the LAN interface.
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Type "2" and press enter,
Type "3" and press enter.
Enter the OPT1 interface IP address and press enter.
Enter the subnet mask and press enter.
Enter the gateway address and press enter.
Press enter.
Type "n" and press enter.
Type "n" and press enter.
Press enter to continue.
50) The pfSense web interface can now be accessed with a web browser via the LAN interface's IP address (in our example 192.168.2.210) and by using the following credentials:
Username: admin
Password: pfsense
Fig 70. pfSense web login interface
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Since this is the first time you login, the setup wizard is presented to you:
Fig 71. pfSense setup wizard
Click on pfSense logo to close the wizard and go to pfSense setup interface.
Fig 72. Exiting the setup wizard
51) Rename the OPT1 interface to MGMT by clicking on Interfaces -> OPT1 and changing the description field to MGMT. Save and Apply.
Fig 73. Navigating to the OPT1 interface settings Fig 74. Renaming the OPT1 interface
Fig 75. Saving OPT1 interface changes Fig 76. Applying changes to OPT1 interface settings
52) Configure a gateway for the WAN interface by clicking on System -> Routing.
Fig 77. Navigating to routing settings
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Click on the plus icon at the bottom right to add a gateway.
Fig 78. Adding a gateway for the WAN interface
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Fill in the appropriate fields as shown below and click on save.
Fig 79. Configuring a gateway for the WAN interface
Click on Apply changes.
Fig 80. Applying gateway configuration changes
53) Add the required static Routes by selecting the Routes tab and clicking on the plus icon at the bottom right.
Fig 81. Selecting to add a route
Fill in the appropriate fields as shown below, click save and apply.
Fig 82. Configuring an additional static route.
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Click on the plus icon at the bottom right and fill in the required fields are shown below. Click Save and apply.
Fig 83. Configuring an additional static route.
54) Configure NAT (Network Address Translation) by clicking on Firewall -> NAT and then click on Outbound.
Fig 84. Configuring NAT outbound options
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Select "Manual Outbound NAT rule generation" and click on Save.
Fig 85. Selecting manual outbound rule generation
55) You will now need to add the required firewall rules on the WAN interface. Click on Firewall -> Rules and select the WAN tab.
Fig 86. WAN interface firewall rules
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Click on the "plus" sign at the bottom right to add a firewall rule.
Fig 87. Adding a firewall rule for the WAN interface
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Fill in the appropriate fields as shown below and click on Save.
Fig 88. Configuring the additional firewall rule on the WAN interface
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Click on the "plus" sign at the bottom right to add a firewall rule.
Fig 89. Adding a firewall rule for the WAN interface
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Fill in the appropriate fields as shown below and click on Save.
Fig 90. Configuring the additional firewall rule on the WAN interface Fig 91. Applying changes
56) You will now need to add the required firewall rules on the LAN interface. Click on Firewall -> Rules and select the LAN tab.
Fig 92. LAN interfaces firewall rules
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Remove the last two rules by selecting them and clicking on the "x" sign at the bottom right. Approve removal when asked. Click on the "plus" sign icon to add a rule.
Fig 93. Removing existing LAN interface firewall rules
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Fill in the appropriate fields as shown below and click on Save and Apply changes.
Fig 94. Configuring the additional firewall rule on the WAN interface Fig 95. Applying changes
57) You will now need to add the required firewall rules on the MGMT interface. Click on Firewall -> Rules and select the MGMT tab. Click on "plus" sign at the bottom right to add a rule.
Fill in the appropriate fields as shown below:
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User - VPN - IPsec xauth Dialin
User - VPN - L2TP Dialin
User - VPN - PPTP Dialin
WebCfg - Dashboard (all)
WebCfg - Dashboard widgets (direct access).
WebCfg - Diagnostics: System Activity
WebCfg - Diagnostics: ARP Table page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Authentication page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Backup/restore page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Configuration History page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: CPU Utilization page
WebCfg - Crash reporter|
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Factory defaults page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Logs: DHCP page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Logs: Firewall page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Logs: VPN page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Logs: Settings page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Logs: System page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Packet Capture page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Patterns page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Ping page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Reboot System page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Reset state page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Restart HTTPD : System page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Routing tables page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Show States page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: States Summary page
WebCfg - Diagnostics: PF Table IP addresses
WebCfg - Diagnostics: Traceroute page
WebCfg - Firewall: Alias: Edit page
WebCfg - Firewall: Alias: Import page
WebCfg - Firewall: Aliases page
WebCfg - Firewall: NAT: 1:1 page
WebCfg - Firewall: NAT: 1:1: Edit page
WebCfg - Firewall: NAT: Outbound page
WebCfg - Firewall: NAT: Outbound: Edit page
WebCfg - Firewall: NAT: Port Forward page
WebCfg - Firewall: NAT: Port Forward: Edit page \
WebCfg - Firewall: Rules page
WebCfg - Firewall: Rules: Edit page
WebCfg - Firewall: Schedules page
WebCfg - Firewall: Schedules: Edit page
WebCfg - Firewall: Traffic Shaper page
WebCfg - Firewall: Traffic Shaper: Layer7 page
WebCfg - Firewall: Traffic Shaper: Limiter page
WebCfg - Firewall: Traffic Shaper: Queues page
WebCfg - Firewall: Traffic Shaper: Wizard page
WebCfg - Firewall: Virtual IP Address: Edit page
WebCfg - Firewall: Virtual IP Addresses page
WebCfg - AJAX: Get Service Providers
WebCfg - AJAX: Get Stats
WebCfg - Diag IPsec XML page
WebCfg - OpenVPN: Client page
WebCfg - OpenVPN: Client Specific Override page
WebCfg - OpenVPN: Server page
WebCfg - Required for javascript page
WebCfg - Services: Captive portal page
WebCfg - Services: Captive portal: Allowed Hostnames page
WebCfg - Services: Captive portal: Allowed IPs page
WebCfg - Services: Captive portal: Edit Allowed Hostnames page
WebCfg - Services: Captive portal: Edit Allowed IPs page
WebCfg - Services: Captive portal: Edit MAC Addresses page
WebCfg - Services: Captive portal: File Manager page
WebCfg - Services: Captive portal: Mac Addresses page
WebCfg - Services: Captive portal Voucher Rolls page
WebCfg - Services: Captive portal Vouchers page
WebCfg - Services: SNMP page
WebCfg - Status: Captive portal page
WebCfg - Status: Captive portal test Vouchers page
WebCfg - Status: Captive portal Voucher Rolls page
WebCfg - Status: Captive portal Vouchers page
WebCfg - Status: CARP page
WebCfg - Status: CPU load page
WebCfg - Status: DHCP leases page
WebCfg - Status: Filter Reload Status page
WebCfg - Status: Gateway Groups page
WebCfg - Status: Gateways page
WebCfg - Status: IPsec page
WebCfg - Status: IPsec: SAD page
WebCfg - Status: IPsec: SPD page
WebCfg - Status: OpenVPN page
WebCfg - Status: RRD Graphs settings page
WebCfg - Status: RRD Graphs page
WebCfg - Status: Services page
WebCfg - Status: System logs: IPsec VPN page
WebCfg - Status: System logs: OpenVPN page
WebCfg - Status: System logs: Portal Auth page
WebCfg - Status: System logs: IPsec VPN page
WebCfg - Status: Traffic Graph page
WebCfg - Status: Traffic shaper: Queues page
WebCfg - Status: UPnP Status page
WebCfg - System: Advanced: Firewall and NAT page
WebCfg - System: Login / Logout page / Dashboard
WebCfg - System: Static Routes page
WebCfg - System: Static Routes: Edit route page
WebCfg - VPN: IPsec page
WebCfg - VPN: IPsec: Edit Pre-Shared Keys
WebCfg - VPN: IPsec: Edit Phase 1 page
WebCfg - VPN: IPsec: Edit Phase 2 page
WebCfg - VPN: IPsec: Pre-Shared Keys List
WebCfg - VPN: IPsec: Mobile page
WebCfg - VPN: VPN L2TP page
WebCfg - VPN: VPN L2TP : Users page
WebCfg - VPN: VPN L2TP : Users : Edit page
WebCfg - VPN: VPN PPTP page
WebCfg - VPN: VPN PPTP: User: Edit page
WebCfg - VPN: VPN PPTP: Users page
WebCfg - XMLRPC Interface Stats page
WebCfg - XMLRPC Library page
WebCfg - Services: DNS Forwarder page
WebCfg - Services: DNS Forwarder: Edit Domain Override page
WebCfg - Services: DNS Forwarder: Edit host page
WebCfg - Services: Igmpproxy page
WebCfg - System: Advanced: Admin Access Page
WebCfg - System: Advanced: Miscellaneous page
WebCfg - System: Advanced: Network page
WebCfg - System: Advanced: Notifications page
WebCfg - System: Advanced: Tunables page
WebCfg - System: Authentication Servers
WebCfg - System: CA Manager
WebCfg - System: Certificate Manager
WebCfg - System: CRL Manager
WebCfg - System: Gateway Groups page
WebCfg - System: Gateways page
WebCfg - System: Gateways: Edit Gateway page
WebCfg - System: Gateways: Edit Gateway Groups page
User - System - Shell account access
WebCfg - Services: DHCP Relay page
WebCfg - Services: DHCP server page
WebCfg - Services: DHCP Server : Edit static mapping page
WebCfg - Services: Dynamic DNS client page
WebCfg - Services: Dynamic DNS clients page
WebCfg - Status: Interfaces page
WebCfg - Help pages
WebCfg - OpenVPN: Client Export Utility
WebCfg - System: User Manager page
WebCfg - System: User Manager: Add Privileges page
WebCfg - System: User Password Manager page
WebCfg - System: User Manager: settings page
WebCfg - System: User Manager: Settings: Test LDAP page
59) You will now need to add users to user groups. Go to System -> User manager and click on the "plus" sign at the bottom right to add a new user.
Fig 103. Adding a new user
Fill in the appropriate fields as shown in the image below. Select the users group in the text box on the left and click on the "right arrow" sign to move it to the right.
Save the form when ready.
Fig 104. Configuring 'fwadmin' user
60) Go to System -> Advanced and Enable Secure Shell. Then click on Disable HTTP_REFERER enforcement check. Click on Save.
Fig 105a. Enabling secure shell access Fig 105b. Disabling HTTP_REFERER enforcement check
61) You now need to edit pfSense file /usr/local/www/fbegin.inc so that the following lines are added after line 262:
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Fig 106. Accessing pfSense with WinSCP
On the right side of the monitor you can browse pfSense filesystem. Open /usr/local/www/ folder.
Fig 107. /usr/local/www pfSense folder
Right click on file fbegin.inc and click on Edit.
Fig 108. Editing file fbegin.inc
Move to line 262.
Fig 109. fbegin.inc, line 262
Copy the additional lines of code below line 262. Save the file and close the editor.
Fig 110. Pasting the code inside fbegin.inc
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Go to folder /etc/phpshellsessions by using WinSCP.
Fig 111. Accessing /etc/phpshellsessions folder
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Right click in windows and select New -> file.
Fig 112. Creating a new file
Type in ChangePassword for file name (case sensitive) and click on OK.
Fig 113. Setting file name
Copy the lines of code in file editor window and save file.
63) You will now need to disable the LAN and WAN interfaces prior to creating a VM Template based on the CGW VM. Gain console access to Cloud Gateway (CGW) via the SCVMM management console.
Fig 114. Connecting to CGW console
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In order to disable the WAN and LAN interfaces, type 2 and press enter.
Configure the WAN interface by typing 1 and press enter.
Type "n" at IPv4 DHCP configuration and press enter.
Press Enter at WAN IPv4 address for no IP address.
Type "n" at IPv6 DHCP configuration and press enter.
Press Enter at WAN IPv6 address for no IP address.
Type "n" at HTTP for webConfigurator and press enter.
Press enter to continue.
The WAN interface is now disabled. To continue with disabling the LAN interface, type 2 and press enter.
Type 2 to configure the LAN interface and press enter. Disable the LAN interface following the same steps provided in this paragraph for the WAN interface.
64) After disabling the LAN and WAN interfaces, type "6" in basic menu and press enter, then press "y" in order to shut down the Cloud Gateway. Wait for the VM to shut down.
Fig 115. Shutting down pfsense
6. Creating the Template
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See also: 3 Creating a Cloud Gateway Virtual Machine 5 Configuring pfSense as a Cloud Gateway
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65) In SCVMM console right click on the pfSense/Cloud Gateway VM and choose Create -> Clone.
Fig 116. Creating a clone of pfSense VM
In the Identity tab, Specify machine name for this VM clone and click on "Next".
Fig 117. Specifying VM clone name
In the Configure Hardware tab click on Availability below Advanced and check the "Make this Virtual Machine High Available" option. Click on Next.
Fig 118. Turning on high availability
In the Select Destination tab, select "Place the virtual machine on a Host" and choose your host cluster or standalone server. Click Next.
Fig 119. Placing the VM on a host
Set all other options to default and click "Create" at the end of this wizard. Wait for the cloning process to complete.
Fig 120. Running the cloning process
After the cloning process is completed you will have a clone of the Base VM you have configured. You will use this for creating the VM Template. The original VM (i.e. the VM clone) is destroyed after a VM Template is created.
Later on, you might need to modify your VM template. In that case you will use the base VM available that has thankfully remained intact.
66) Select Library in SCVMM console on the bottom left.
Fig 121. SCVMM Library
On the upper left of the SCVMM console, right click on Templates and choose "Create VM Template".
Fig 122. Creating a VM Template
In the Select Source tab select "From an existing virtual machine ...." and click on browse to locate the clone you've created in the previous step 64).
Fig 123. Selecting the VM from which to create the template
Click on Next and then click on Yes.
Fig 124. Approving that the original VM will be destroyed
In the Identity tab, specify VM Template name and click on Next.
Fig 125. Specifying VM Template name
In the Configure Hardware tab, click on Next.
Fig 126. Template hardware configuration
In the Configure Operating System tab, click on Next.
Fig 127. VM Template OS settings
In the Select Library Server tab, select the appropriate library server and click on Next.
Fig 128. Selecting a library to place the VM template
In the Select Path tab, click on Browse to select the path on the Library Server to save the template and click on Next.
Fig 129. Selecting the path to place the VM template
In the Summary tab, click on Create and wait for the operation to be completed.
Fig 130. Finalizing VM Template wizard
67) Congratulations! Your Cloud Gateway (CGW) template has been created. You may proceed with creating the Guest OS Templates for your Cloud Servers.
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